A Novel Framework for Training Public Health Professionals in Conflict Management: Using Behavioral Theory

Presentation given at the American Public Health Association (APHA) Annual Conference. Conflict management (CM) training cannot be overemphasized in public health. A 2003 report by the Association of American Medical Colleges recommended conflict resolution education be included in medical training. In both clinical and non-clinical situations, unmanaged conflict can lead to adverse patient outcomes, poor performance, burnout, and severed relationships. The potentially adverse consequences of conflict among public health workers make it imperative to develop strategies for CM and changing negative behavior. A social behavioral theory has not been firmly established as a basis for CM training in public health. A systematic literature review was conducted to explore the application of theories and concepts in developing and implementing CM training in healthcare settings. None of the selected articles named specific theories, indicating a gap in the literature. The search was broadened to include terms that indicate the use of CM concepts, resulting in the retention of seventeen articles. Preliminary findings indicated that 82% of the articles used at least one term describing CM styles (accommodating, avoiding, collaborating, competing, or compromising), and 41% used all five terms. The findings indicate a need for additional research on the incorporation of social & behavioral theories as a basis of CM training for public health professionals. Programs based on the social cognitive theory as a framework for training health professionals in managing conflicts should be developed to enhance the efficacy of CM trainings. The addition of a theoretical basis for conflict management training will give an effective and repeatable platform for conflict management training.