TY - JOUR
T1 - Are Eastern Oysters Being Bored to Death? Influence of Cliona celata on Crassostrea virginica Condition, Growth and Survival
AU - Carroll, John M.
AU - O'Shaughnessy, Kathryn A.
AU - Diedrich, Grant A.
AU - Finelli, Christopher M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The authors 2015.
PY - 2015/11/17
Y1 - 2015/11/17
N2 - The boring sponge Cliona celata is a nuisance species that can have deleterious effects on eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica growth, condition, and survival. Surprisingly, however, these effects have not been well documented and when examined, results have been equivocal. In this study, we provide a direct comparison of growth, condition, and survival of spongecolonized and uncolonized oysters in southeast North Carolina in 2 separate experiments. In the first experiment, sponge-colonized oysters exhibited significantly slower growth rates, reduced condition, and lower survival relative to uncolonized oysters, although results may have been confounded by oyster source. In the second experiment, using smaller oysters from the same source population, growth rate was again significantly reduced in colonized oysters relative to uncolonized oysters, however neither condition nor survival differed. In field surveys of the same population, colonized individuals across a range of sizes demonstrated significantly reduced condition. Further, condition index was negatively correlated with sponge biomass, which was positively correlated with oyster size, suggesting that the impact of the sponge changes with ontogeny. By investigating clearance rates, tissue isotopic and nutrient content, as well as caloric value, this study provides further evidence that sponge presence causes the oysters to divert energy into costly shell maintenance and repair at the expense of shell and somatic growth. Thus, although variable, our results demonstrate negative impacts of sponge infestation on oyster demographics, particularly as oysters grow larger.
AB - The boring sponge Cliona celata is a nuisance species that can have deleterious effects on eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica growth, condition, and survival. Surprisingly, however, these effects have not been well documented and when examined, results have been equivocal. In this study, we provide a direct comparison of growth, condition, and survival of spongecolonized and uncolonized oysters in southeast North Carolina in 2 separate experiments. In the first experiment, sponge-colonized oysters exhibited significantly slower growth rates, reduced condition, and lower survival relative to uncolonized oysters, although results may have been confounded by oyster source. In the second experiment, using smaller oysters from the same source population, growth rate was again significantly reduced in colonized oysters relative to uncolonized oysters, however neither condition nor survival differed. In field surveys of the same population, colonized individuals across a range of sizes demonstrated significantly reduced condition. Further, condition index was negatively correlated with sponge biomass, which was positively correlated with oyster size, suggesting that the impact of the sponge changes with ontogeny. By investigating clearance rates, tissue isotopic and nutrient content, as well as caloric value, this study provides further evidence that sponge presence causes the oysters to divert energy into costly shell maintenance and repair at the expense of shell and somatic growth. Thus, although variable, our results demonstrate negative impacts of sponge infestation on oyster demographics, particularly as oysters grow larger.
KW - Cliona Celata
KW - Comphrehensive examination
KW - Eastern oysters
KW - Growth
KW - Oyster condition
KW - Survial
UR - https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/biology-facpubs/33
U2 - 10.3354/dao02928
DO - 10.3354/dao02928
M3 - Article
SN - 0177-5103
VL - 117
JO - Diseases of Aquatic Organisms
JF - Diseases of Aquatic Organisms
ER -