Abstract
Alienative involvement: An intense, negative involvement orientation of lower participants within an organization (Etzioni and Lehman 1980; Lunenburg 2012). Calculative involvement: Low intensity involvement orientation of lower participants within an organization. Can be positive or negative in direction (Etzioni and Lehman 1980; Lunenburg 2012). Coercive power: The use of force and fear by organizational representatives to control lower participants (Etzioni and Lehman 1980; Lunenburg 2012). Involvement: Spectrum of commitment lower participants have within an organization (Etzioni and Lehman 1980; Lunenburg 2012). Moral involvement: Intense, positive involvement orientation of lower participants within an organization (Etzioni and Lehman 1980; Lunenburg 2012). Normative power: The allocation of symbolic or intrinsic rewards and deprivations by organizational representatives as a means of control lower participants (Hyle 2006;….
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Go. |
| Subtitle of host publication | With 294 Figures and 229 Tables |
| Publisher | Springer International Publishing |
| Pages | 988-993 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 9783319209289 |
| ISBN (Print) | 9783319209272 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 1 2018 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Scopus Subject Areas
- General Medicine
- General Business, Management and Accounting
- General Social Sciences
Keywords
- Remunerative power
- Utilitarian power