Flexible use of lexical and sublexical information in word recognition

Within the dual-route framework it is hypothesised that readers exhibit flexibility in their use of lexical and non-lexical information in word naming. In the present study, participants named high- and low-frequency regular one-syllable English words embedded within lists of regular or irregular one- or two-syllable English words. A large number of irregular words should bias the reader toward the lexical route, whereas a list consisting exclusively of regular words should allow more efficient use of sublexical information present in the word. Word frequency effects were obtained when the list was dominated by either regular or irregular two-syllable filler words. Furthermore, there was an interaction between frequency and regularity for the one-syllable words, indicating that the frequency effect was significantly larger when the fillers were one-syllable irregular words relative to one-syllable regular words. These results extend those reported for a shallow orthography, and indicate strategic control over the use of phonological and lexical information in English word recognition.