Mn²⁺ activated red phosphorescence in BaMg₂Si ₂O₇: Mn²⁺, Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺ through persistent energy transfer

Based on persistent energy transfer, Mn²⁺ activated red phosphorescence is achieved in BaMg₂Si₂O₇. Two types of Mn²⁺ centers with emitting peaks at 620 and 675 nm, respectively, are observed and found to govern both the red luminescence and red phosphorescence spectral shapes. The spectral distribution of the red phosphorescence as a function of irradiation wavelengths and Mn²⁺ concentrations is systematically studied in Mn²⁺ and Dy³⁺ doubly doped and Mn²⁺, Eu²⁺, and Dy³⁺ tridoped samples, indicating the dominant role of persistent energy transfer on generation of the red phosphorescence. Moreover, it is found that the incorporation of Mn²⁺ in BaMg₂Si₂O₇: Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺ may prolong the phosphorescent persistence time (>1 h) compared with the Mn²⁺ free materials.