Multifunction acoustic modulation by a multi-mode acoustic metamaterial architecture

Exotic acoustical features, like acoustic transparency, ultrasonic beam focusing, acoustic band gap and super lensing capability using a single metamaterial architecture is unconventional and unprecedented in the literature, demonstrated herein. Conventional metamaterials can focus an ultrasonic beam at specific frequency which results into unwanted distortion of the output wave fields at neighboring sonic frequencies in the host medium. However, ultrasonic wave focusing by virtue of negative refraction and simultaneous transparency of the metamaterial at sonic frequencies are uncommon due to their frequency disparity. To circumvent this problem and to avoid the unwanted distortion of wave at sonic frequencies, metamaterial with an array of butterfly-shaped thin ring resonators are proposed to achieve the beam focusing at ultrasonic frequency (37.3 kHz) and keep the structure transparent to the sonic frequencies (<20 kHz). The butterfly metamaterial with local ring resonators or butterfly crystals (BC) were previously proposed to create wide band gaps (∼7 kHz) at ultrasonic frequencies above 20 kHz. However, in this study a unique sub-wavelength scale wave focusing capability of the butterfly metamaterial utilizing the negative refraction phenomenon is demonstrated, while keeping the metamaterial block transparent to the propagating wave at lower sonic frequencies below the previously reported bandgaps.