Nanowire array fabrication for high throughput screening in the biosciences

This chapter discusses different strategies to fabricate silicon nanowire field effect transistor arrays for high throughput screening in the biosciences. At the beginning, three major strategies to fabricate addressable nanowire field effect transistor arrays are reviewed, as well as their interfacing to microfluidic devices and other complementary characterization instruments for high throughput screening. This is followed by a detailed discussion of underlying screening mechanisms and practical applications in the fields of DNA hybridization, virus detection, cancer diagnosis, hydrogen and metal ion sensing, recording of cell signals, detecting volatile organic compounds linked to specific cancers. Finally, future research trends, and important reference resources are given.