Numerical modeling for structural behavior of bridge deck barriers made of fiber reinforced concrete

Nonlinear finite-element (NLFE) analysis was used to compare and optimize the load transfer and failure mode of bridge barriers subjected to static transverse loads. Concrete is a material that needs strengthening in tension in order to meet the structural requirements. Studies have shown that the addition of steel fibers in a concrete matrix improves all the mechanical properties of concrete, especially tensile strength, impact strength, and toughness. The resulting material possesses higher tensile strength, consolidated response and better ductility. Although fiber reinforcement is a method that has been in use over the last few decades, yet it is unfamiliar to some practices, and there is no common guideline for design using this method. It is now well established that one of the important properties of fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) is its superior resistance to cracking and crack propagation and also the fibers are able to hold the matrix together even after extensive cracking. In the present study, numerical finiteelement analysis has been performed on selected bridge barriers with steel reinforcement, to compare the difference between barriers with normal and fiber reinforced concrete. The FE modeling was performed under static load testing with displacement control. The ultimate load carrying capacities for each barrier type was compared. The behaviors of FRC barriers with different amount of fibers were accurately simulated with NLFE models. Modifications were then made to FRC barriers to reduce the barrier wall thickness as well as the reinforcement arrangement. The present study shows reserved capacity of FRC barriers compared to their counterparts with normal concrete and steel reinforcement.