TY - JOUR
T1 - Sources of microbiological contamination in sachet water from Ghana
AU - Aslan, Asli
AU - Rochani, Haresh
AU - Oyibo, Oghenekpaobor
AU - Dotherow, J. Edward
AU - Anderson, Kendall W.
AU - Beslin, Christina
AU - Chapman, Asheley
AU - Thomas, Brittny
AU - Brown, Alicia
AU - Ampofo-Yeboah, Akwasi
AU - Afriyie-Gyawu, Evans
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© IWA Publishing 2020 Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development.
PY - 2020/6/1
Y1 - 2020/6/1
N2 - Sachet water is one of the primary sources of drinking water in rapidly growing countries. A study to assess the microbiological quality of sachet water in 21 different brands was conducted in Ghana. Culturable total coliform was positive in 87% of the samples collected, where Escherichia coli colonies were absent. The analysis of quantitative polymerase chain reaction results indicated the presence of E. coli genes in 44.6% of the samples, with the highest concentration up to 3,166 CCE/100 ml. Microbial source tracking analyses showed that the source of E. coli genes did not originate from sewage contamination because the human-associated HF183 marker was not detected. Of the 175 samples tested, 71% did not mention any water treatment before filling the packages. These results suggest non-human sources of contamination, such as biofilm formation in the pipelines used to fill these packages due to poor disinfection. Our study shows an urgent need for increased regulation and standardized manufacturing of sachet water to ensure safe drinking water.
AB - Sachet water is one of the primary sources of drinking water in rapidly growing countries. A study to assess the microbiological quality of sachet water in 21 different brands was conducted in Ghana. Culturable total coliform was positive in 87% of the samples collected, where Escherichia coli colonies were absent. The analysis of quantitative polymerase chain reaction results indicated the presence of E. coli genes in 44.6% of the samples, with the highest concentration up to 3,166 CCE/100 ml. Microbial source tracking analyses showed that the source of E. coli genes did not originate from sewage contamination because the human-associated HF183 marker was not detected. Of the 175 samples tested, 71% did not mention any water treatment before filling the packages. These results suggest non-human sources of contamination, such as biofilm formation in the pipelines used to fill these packages due to poor disinfection. Our study shows an urgent need for increased regulation and standardized manufacturing of sachet water to ensure safe drinking water.
KW - Coliform
KW - Ghana
KW - Microbial source tracking
KW - Sachet water
KW - West Africa
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85088246394&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2166/washdev.2020.112
DO - 10.2166/washdev.2020.112
M3 - Article
SN - 2043-9083
VL - 10
SP - 202
EP - 208
JO - Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development
JF - Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development
IS - 2
ER -